Hmm, interesting reading -
http://www.acl.co.nz/wp-content/uploads ... -Heads.pdfSo yes, heads can go "soft" to around 65 Brinell, down from 90-120 depending on heat treatment.
Straightening or overheating can do it, and the effect starts as low as 290˚C.
Interesting there is no discussion about heat treatment to restore hardness.
I don't like comments like "wouldn't give a reading" - if the normal hardness range is 90-120 Brinell and a failed head is too soft to read what's the minimum his hardness tester can read? 89 Brinell? 66 Brinell? - I'm a bit pernickety about this sort of thing - I work in QA/QC in the NDT and Inspection industry which includes quite a bit of metallurgy. We don't deal in "nah it's too soft" or whatever - we have units to measure this stuff as per the ACL document above.
Personally any replacement head will need to be hardness tested (by someone who has a hardness tester that has adequate range for the job) because if a head has come off a block, what's the bet it's because the head gasket failed or the engine otherwise failed?
G13B engines are now getting very old and they're a poor engine choice for a Sierra. The've typically outlasted a swift GTi by the time they've made it into a Sierra.
I'd put a G16B Baleno engine in the car. Much higher chance of finding a good motor, much better engine for a Sierra, no harder to fit. (for different reasons)